Rega AI Ione Vanhu Varombo

"Nekuzivikanwa kweInternet uye kushandiswa kweuchenjeri hwekugadzira, mibvunzo yakawanda inogona kupindurwa nokukurumidza. Saka tichava nematambudziko mashoma here?"

Uyu ndiwo musoro wenganonyorwa webvunzo nyowani yecurriculum standard I bvunzo muna 2024. Asi mubvunzo wakaoma kupindura.

Muna 2023, iyo Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (inozonzi Gates Foundation) yakatanga "Grand dambudziko" - kuti hungwaru hwekugadzira (AI) hunogona kusimudzira hutano nekurima, umo mhinduro dzinopfuura makumi mashanu kumatambudziko chaiwo dzakapihwa mari. "Kana tikatora njodzi, mamwe mapurojekiti ane mukana wekuti aenderane nekubudirira chaiko." Bill Gates, sachigaro-sachigaro weGates Foundation, akadaro.

Nepo vanhu vaine tarisiro huru yeAI, matambudziko nematambudziko ayo AI anounza kunzanga ari kuwedzerawo zuva nezuva. IInternational Monetary Fund (IMF) yakaburitsa chirevo muna Ndira 2024, Generative AI: AI inogona kuwedzera kusaenzana pakati penyika uye mikaha yekuwana mari mukati menyika, uye sezvo AI inovandudza mashandiro uye kufambisa hunyanzvi, avo vane tekinoroji yeAI kana kuisa mari muAI- maindasitiri anotyairwa angangowedzera mari inowanikwa, zvichiwedzera kusaenzana.

"Tekinoroji nyowani dzinobuda nguva dzese, asi kazhinji matekinoroji matsva anobatsira zvisingaenzanisi vapfumi, vangave nyika dzakapfuma kana vanhu venyika dzakapfuma." Musi waChikumi 18, 2024, Mark Suzman, CEO weGates Foundation, akadaro pachiitiko chekutaura paTsinghua University.

Chinokosha chekugadzirisa dambudziko chinogona kunge chiri "maitiro ekugadzira AI". Mubvunzurudzo nemutori wenhau weSouthern Weekly, Mark Sussman akati kunyange zvazvo kune zvirongwa zvakawanda zvinoshandisa teknolojia yeAI, chinhu chikuru ndechekuti tiri kukurudzira vanhu kuti vateerere kune zvinodiwa nevarombo. "Pasina kunyatso shandisa, AI, senge tekinoroji nyowani, inowanzobatsira vapfumi kutanga."

Kusvika kune varombo uye vanotambura zvakanyanya

SeMukuru weGates Foundation, Mark Sussman anogara achizvibvunza mubvunzo: Tingaite sei kuti hunyanzvi uhu hweAI hutsigire vanhu vanovada zvakanyanya, uye kusvika kune varombo uye vanotambura zvakanyanya?

MuAI "Grand Challenge" yataurwa pamusoro apa, Mark Sussman nevamwe vake vakagamuchira mapurojekiti akawanda ekugadzira vachishandisa AI, senge AI inogona kushandiswa kupa rutsigiro nekurapa zviri nani kuvarwere veAIDS muSouth Africa, kuvabatsira ne triage? Mienzaniso mikuru yemitauro ingashandiswa kuvandudza zvinyorwa zvokurapa muvakadzi vaduku here? Pangave nezvishandiso zviri nani zvevashandi vehutano munharaunda kuti vawane kudzidziswa kuri nani kana zviwanikwa zviri kushomeka?

Mark Sussman kumutori wenhau wekumaodzanyemba kwekupera kwesvondo, semuenzaniso, ivo nevamwe vakagadzira chishandiso chitsva cheruoko rwe ultrasound, vanogona kushandisa nharembozha mune inoshomeka zviwanikwa zvevakadzi vane pamuviri kuti vaongorore ultrasound, ipapo ekugadzira hungwaru algorithms inogona kuongorora yakaderera-resolution mifananidzo, uye nemazvo. kufanotaura basa rakaoma kana mamwe matambudziko angangoitika, kurongeka kwayo hakuna kuderera pane chipatara ultrasound kuongororwa. "Zvishandiso izvi zvichakwanisa kushandiswa kumaruwa pasi rose, uye ndinotenda kuti izvi zvichaponesa hupenyu hwakawanda."

Mark Sussman anotenda kuti zvechokwadi kune mikana yakanaka kwazvo yekushandiswa kweAI mukudzidziswa, kuongororwa, uye kutsigirwa kwevashandi vehutano munharaunda, uye kuti ichangotanga kutsvaga nzvimbo muChina iyo inogona kupiwa mari yakawanda.

Paunenge uchipa mari mapurojekiti eAI, Mark Sussman anonongedza kuti maitiro avo anonyanya kusanganisira kana achienderana nehunhu hwavo; Kunyangwe iyo inosanganisirwa, kusanganisira nyika dzine mari shoma uye mapoka ari mumubatanidzwa-dhizaini; Kutevedzera uye kuzvidavirira nemapurojekiti eAI; Kana zvakavanzika uye zvekuchengetedza zvinogadziriswa; Kunyangwe iyo inosanganisira iyo pfungwa yekushandiswa kwakanaka, uku uchisimbisa pachena.

"Zvishandiso zviri kunze uko, angave maturusi ehungwaru kana mamwe maturusi ekutsvagisa kana maturusi ekutsvagisa zvekurima, zvinotipa mikana inonakidza kupfuura chero nguva munhoroondo yedu, asi isu hatisati tanyatsobata nekushandisa simba iroro." "Mark Sussman akadaro.

Yakasanganiswa nekugona kwevanhu, AI ichagadzira mikana mitsva

Sekureva kweInternational Monetary Fund, AI ichakanganisa inoda kusvika makumi mana muzana emabasa pasi rese. Vanhu vanogara vachikakavadzana, uye kazhinji vachinetseka, pamusoro penzvimbo dzipi dzichanyangarika uye inzvimbo dzipi dzichava mikana mitsva.

Kunyange zvazvo dambudziko remabasa richibatawo varombo. Asi semaonero aMark Sussman, mari inonyanya kukosha ichiri hutano, dzidzo uye kudya kunovaka muviri, uye zviwanikwa zvevanhu hazvisi izvo zvakakosha panguva ino.

Zera repakati pevagari vomuAfrica rinongova nemakore anenge 18, uye dzimwe nyika dzakatoderera, Mark Sussman anodavira kuti pasina dziviriro youtano inokosha, zvakaoma kuti vana vataure nezveramangwana ravo. "Zviri nyore kutadza kuona izvozvo uye kusvetuka kubvunza kuti mabasa aripi."

Kuvarombo vakawanda, kurima ichiri nzira huru yokuwana chouviri. Maererano neGates Foundation, zvikamu zvitatu muzvina zvevanhu vanotambura zvikuru pasi rose varimi vane minda midiki, zvikuru vari kumaodzanyemba kweSahara muAfrica neSouth Asia, avo vanovimba nemari yekurima kuti vazvidyise ivo nemhuri dzavo.

Zvekurima "zvinoenderana nemamiriro ekunze kuti udye" - kutanga kudyara, njodzi yakakwira yemamiriro ekunze, kutenderera kwenguva refu kwekudzoka, zvinhu izvi zvakagara zvichirambidza kudyara kwevanhu nemari. Pakati pavo, AI ine mukana mukuru. MuIndia neEast Africa, somuenzaniso, varimi vanovimba nemvura nokuda kwokudiridza nemhaka yokushaikwa kwemichina yokudiridza. Asi neAI, mamiriro ekunze anogona kugadziridzwa uye mazano ekudyara nekudiridza anogona kupihwa zvakananga kuvarimi.

VaMark Sussman vakati hazvishamise kuti varimi vane mari yakawanda vanoshandisa masatelliti kana zvimwewo nzira, asi neAI, tinokwanisa kuwedzera midziyo iyi, kuitira kuti varimi vadiki vanotambura vakwanise kushandisawo midziyo yekuwedzera fetereza, madiridziro nembeu.

Parizvino, Gates Foundation iri kushandawo pamwe neBazi rezvekurima nekumaruwa, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences nemamwe madhipatimendi kusimudzira tsvakiridzo nekusimudzira, kurima kusanaya kwemvura - uye zvirimwa zvisingaite mvura uye mbesa dzezvirimwa zvine simba rekudzivirira kusagadzikana, kutakura. Kudyidzana kweChina neAfrica, kurimwa kwembeu dzemuno muAfrica nekuvandudza nzira yekusimudzira mhando dzembeu dzakavandudzwa, uye zvishoma nezvishoma kubatsira nyika dzemuAfrica kutanga indasitiri yembeu yechizvino-zvino inobatanidza kuuchika mupunga, kubereka nekusimudzirwa.

Mark Sussman anozvitsanangura se "ane tariro" anotenda kuti kusanganiswa kweAI uye kugona kwevanhu kuchagadzira mikana mitsva yevanhu, uye idzi minda mitsva inogona kuita basa munzvimbo dzisina zviwanikwa senge Africa. "Tinotarisira kuti mumakumi emakore anotevera, zvizvarwa zvitsva zvakazvarwa muAfrica yekumaodzanyemba kweSahara zvichange zvichikwanisa kuwana zviwanikwa zvehutano nedzidzo sevamwe vose."

Varombo vanokwanisawo kugovera hutsva hwezvinodhaka

Pane "90/10 gap" mukuwanikwa kwezvinodhaka - nyika dzichiri kusimukira dzinotakura chikamu che90% chemutoro wezvirwere zvinotapukira, asi chikamu che10% chete chemari yetsvakiridzo nebudiriro yenyika inopihwa kuzvirwere izvi. Simba guru mukusimudzirwa kwezvinodhaka nekuvandudza mashandiro anoita makambani akazvimirira, asi semaonero avo, kugadzirwa kwezvinodhaka kune varombo hakusi kunobatsira nguva dzose.

Muna Chikumi 2021, World Health Organisation (WHO) yakazivisa kuti China yapasa certification yekubvisa marariya, asi data reWHO rinoratidza kuti vanhu mazana matanhatu nesere pasi rese vachafa nemarariya muna 2022, uye vanopfuura makumi mapfumbamwe muzana vavo vanogara muhurombo. nzvimbo. Izvi zvinodaro nekuti marariya haichawaniki munyika dzine mari yakawanda, uye makambani mashoma ari kuisa mari mukutsvagisa nekusimudzira.

Tichitarisana ne "kutadza kwemusika," Mark Sussman akaudza Southern Weekly kuti mhinduro yavo ndeye kushandisa mari yavo kukurudzira masangano akazvimirira kushandisa nekusimudzira hunyanzvi, zvichiita kuti hunyanzvi uhu hungango shandiswa kune vapfumi kuita "zvinhu zvepasi rose. ."

Muenzaniso wakafanana nehutano hwehutano "kutenga nehuwandu" inofanirwawo kuedza. Mark Sussman anoti vakashanda nemakambani makuru maviri kuti vadzikise mutengo nepakati kuitira kuti madzimai anotambura muAfrica neAsia vakwanise kuwana nzira dzekudzivirira nadzo pamuviri, vachivavimbisa kuti vachatenga imwe mari uye purofiti yakati.

Chinonyanya kukosha ndechekuti iyi modhi inoratidza kumakambani emishonga kuti kunyangwe varombo vachiri nemusika wakakura.

Uye zvakare, mamwe ekucheka-kumucheto matekinoroji ndiwo zvakare kutungamira kwekutarisisa. Mark Sussman akatsanangura kuti mari yake kumasangano akazvimiririra yakavakirwa pafungidziro yekuti kana kambani ikavhura chigadzirwa chakabudirira, inofanirwa kuve nechokwadi chekuti chigadzirwa chinowanikwa kune yakaderera - uye nyika dzepakati nemutengo wakaderera uye kupa mukana kune. teknolojia. Semuyenzaniso, mukucheka-kumucheto mRNA tekinoroji, Gates Foundation yakasarudza kuve mudyaridzi wekutanga kutsigira tsvakiridzo yekuti mRNA ingashandiswa sei kurapa zvirwere zvinotapukira zvakaita semarariya, tibhii kana HIV, "kunyangwe musika wakanyanya kutarisisa zvakawanda. kurapwa kwegomarara kunobatsira."

Musi waChikumi 20, 2024, Lenacapavir, mushonga mutsva weHIV, wakazivisa mhedzisiro yechikamu chechitatu CHINANGWA 1 chekiriniki yekuyedza nekuita zvakanaka. Pakati pe2023, Gates Foundation yakaisa mari kutsigira kushandiswa kweAI kuderedza mutengo uye kuderedza mutengo wemishonga yeLenacapavir kuitira kuti iendeswe zviri nani kunzvimbo dzakaderera - uye dzepakati.

"Pamusoro pemhando ipi neipi ipfungwa yekuti philanthropic capital inogona kushandiswa kupa simba masangano akazvimirira uye panguva imwechete kuona kuti simba iri rinoshandiswa kubatsira varombo uye vanhu vanotambura kuwana hutsva hwavasingakwanise kuwana neimwe nzira." "Mark Sussman akadaro.